STRUGGLING WITH IRREGULAR PERIODS, STUBBORN ACNE, OR UNEXPECTED HAIR GROWTH? YOU MIGHT BE DEALING WITH PCOS.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is not just a reproductive disorder but a complex metabolic and endocrine condition. It affects 1 in 10 women, yet many go undiagnosed for years. Early awareness and diagnosis are key to managing its long-term impact.

What makes early diagnosis of PCOS so important?
Early diagnosis is vital because PCOS can be managed more effectively before symptoms progress. Many early-stage cases are asymptomatic, which is why routine screening is important. PCOS is one of the leading causes of infertility due to irregular or absent ovulation. Up to 70% of women with PCOS have insulin resistance, even if they are not overweight. Identifying it early can help reduce the risks of complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

What are the common signs and symptoms of PCOS?
PCOS presents in various ways. High androgen levels can lead to hirsutism (excess facial/body hair), acne, and androgenic alopecia (male-pattern hair loss). For many patients, these symptoms are more distressing than menstrual irregularity. Irregular periods, unexpected weight gain, and fatigue are also common indicators.

How does PCOS affect mental health?
Women with PCOS are at 2–3 times higher risk of anxiety, depression, and body image issues. These mental health challenges are often linked to hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and the visible symptoms of the syndrome. The condition can begin in adolescence or remain undiagnosed for many years, adding to emotional strain.

How is PCOS diagnosed by doctors?
There is no single test for PCOS, but doctors look for the following:

• Missed or irregular periods
• Signs of higher male hormones — such as acne, extra hair, or thinning hair
• Polycystic ovaries seen on ultrasound

Blood tests often include:

• Testosterone (Total & Free) to check hormone levels
• LH & FSH to assess hormonal balance
• TSH & Prolactin to rule out thyroid or pituitary issues
• AMH, often elevated in PCOS
• Fasting insulin and glucose to evaluate insulin resistance

Do all women with PCOS have the same symptoms?
No. You don’t need to have every sign to be diagnosed. The presentation varies widely, and a combination of symptoms is usually considered for diagnosis. Early testing allows for symptom management and helps reduce long-term risks such as infertility, diabetes, and heart disease.